Robert RobertRobert first appears as a witness in a 940 charter of count Geoffroy of Nevers ["S. Rodberti, filium Heriberti comitis." Cart. Cluny 1: 496, n. 1]. When his father's lands were partitioned in 946, he received Meaux as his share. As was shown by Karl Ferdinand Werner, Robert became count of Troyes by right of his wife, and not of his father, as had been previously believed [Werner (1960), 107-115]. He evidently became count of Troyes on the death of his father-in-law Giselbert in 956, and is first mentioned with that title on 6 August 959, when he appears with his wife and young son Heribert ["Placuit atque convenit inter gloriosum Trecassine urbis comitem Robertum et Gratianum abbatem monasterii sancti Petri Dervensis, ... Signum Rotberti, gloriosissimi comitis. S. Adelais comitisse. S. Erberti filii eorum. ..." Cart. Montiéramey, 19 (#14); see also Lot (1901), 269; Werner (1960), 112]. He was still alive on 19 June 966, when he is found witnessing a charter of his son-in-law, count Geoffroy Grisegonelle of Anjou ["S. Roberti comitis Trecassinorum." Cart. S.-Aubin 7]. He probably died not long afterward, succeeded by his brother Heribert "vetulus" and eventually by his son Heribert "juvenis".
Date of Birth: Unknown.
Place of
Birth: Unknown.
Date of Death: After 19 June 966.
He was still living on 19 June
966. The death date of August 968 given by Arbois de Jubainville
[Arbois de Jubainville (1859-66), 1: 141] depends on his dubious
identification as the father of Archambaud, archbishop of Sens,
and on an incorrect placement of the death date of Archambaud in
968 (see below).
Place of Death: Unknown.
Father:
Heribert II, d. 943, count of Meaux, Soissons, and Vermandois, and
abbot of Saint-Crépin and Saint-Médard (Soissons).
Mother: NN, daughter of Robert I, king of France.
See the page of Heribert
II.
Spouse: m. 11 December 942 × 18 June 950, Adélaïde alias
Werra, d. after 967, daughter of Giselbert, duke of Burgundy.
["Et Gislebertus Comes Burgundionum obiit: et honorem
ejus cum filia, nomine Leudegarde, ex qua postea a Radulpho
Divionensi Pipicus factus, Otho frater Hugonis Ducis recepit:
aliam vero filiam, nomine Werram, duxit in matrimonium Robertus
comes Trecassinorum." Ex Chronico Odorannus,
RHF 8: 237.] Adélaïde appears in a charter with her parents on
11 December 942 ["S. Giselberti comitis ... S.
Ermengardis, que consensit, Adaleidis filie eorum ..."
Werner (1960), 112, n. 95]. Robert appears as a witness to a
charter of Giselbert dated between 19 June 949 and 18 June 950
[Werner (1960), 111 & n. 89]. She evidently survived her
husband, and appears with Robert's brother count Heribert in a
fragment of the cartulary of Montiéramey ["... S.
Adeleidae comitissae, S. Ettini, S. Eriberti comitis ..."
Werner (1960), 112-3, n. 95]
Children:
Heribert "juvenus",
d. 28 January 995 or 996, count of Meaux and Troyes,
980×4-995×6.
Adèle,
living 6 March 974, m. ca. 965, Geoffroy I "Grisegonelle", d. 987, count of Anjou.
For details, see Adèle's page.
Conjectured daughter:
NN, m. Charles,
duke of Lorraine.
This conjecture is based on a passage in Historia
Francorum Senonensis, which states that Charles married a
daughter of count Heribert of Troyes ["Cui successit
Karolus, frater eius, filius Hlotharii regis. Eodem anno
rebellavit contra Karolum Hugo dux Francorum, eo quod accepisset
Karolus filiam Herberti comitis Trecarum." Historia
Francorum Senonensis, MGH SS 9: 367-8]. Here, Charles is
falsely made into a son of king Lothair, when he was in fact a
brother. For chronological reasons, Settipani conjectures that
she was instead a daughter of Robert [Settipani (1993), 337-8, n.
1010].
Supposed son (doubtful):
Archambaud, d. 29 August 967,
archbishop of Sens, 958-967.
This supposed son has been assigned to
Robert by a number of sources [e.g., GC 12: 30-1; Arbois de
Jubainville (1859-66), 1: 141-2, 145-7; Lot (1891), 28, n. 3;
Brandenburg (1964)], based on a statement of Clarius de Sens that
Archambaud's father, a certain Robert, vir nobilis et dives
valde, died in the same month that Archambaud died ["In
ipso anno, mense Augusto, obiit pater ipsius, Rotbertus nomine,
vir nobilis et dives valde. Ipse vero Archembaldus, eodem mense,
obiit adhuc juvenis, IIII Kal. Septembris, expletis in episcopatu
annis VIIII, et duobus mensibus, et die uno." Clarius
de Sens, Chronicon Sancti-Petri-Vivi Senonensis, Bib.
Hist. Yonne, 2: 488]. Since Archambaud's father Robert is not
clearly identified, the suggestion that he was the same person as
Robert of Troyes is uncertain at best. Neither Werner nor
Settipani include Archambaud among Robert's children [Werner
(1967), 474, where he points out that the names Archambaud and
Robert appeared among the lords of Sully; Settipani (1993), 232,
n. 303]. For 967 (rather than 968) as the correct year of
Archambaud's death, see Lot (1891), 335-6.
Falsely attributed
second wife: Ingeltrude.
This error is based on a charter of June 960, in which a
"count" Robert and his wife Ingeltrude appear
witnessing a charter of Frotgaire, bishop of Chalon ["S.
Frotgarii episcopi et Rotberti comitis et uxore sua Ingeltrudis.
S. Lamberti, comitis, qui consensit." Cart.
S.-Marcel-lès-Chalon, 87-8 (#104)]. This
Robert has been identified by some with Robert of Troyes [Arbois
de Jubainville (1859-66), 1: 142; Brandenburg (1964), 90], but he
was in fact a different Robert, a viscount of Dijon of that name
[see Lot (1891), 326-7; Werner (1967), 462]. Robert and
Ingeltrude were the parents of Lambert, count of Chalon. The
editor of the cartulary notes that the title of count given to
Robert in this charter was probably a copying error [Cart.
S.-Marcel-lès-Chalon, 88, n. 1].
Falsely attributed
daughter:
Adélaïde,
m. (1) Lambert, d. probably 978, count of Chalon; (2) Geoffroy I
"Grisegonelle", d.
987, count of Anjou.
[Arbois de Jubainville (1859-66), 1: 140,
142; Kalckstein (1877), 302 & n. 2; Vajay (1962), 159] This
scenario is not feasible [see Lot (1891), 323-6]. Adélaïde,
second wife of Geoffroy "Grisegonelle", should not be
confused with Geoffroy's first wife Adèle (above), who was in
fact a daughter of Robert.
Arbois de Jubainville (1859-66) = H. d'Arbois de Jubainville, Histoire des ducs et des comtes de Champagne, 6 vols. (Paris, 1859-1866).
Bib. Hist. Yonne = Louis-Maximilien Duru, ed., Bibliothèque historique de l'Yonne, 2 vols. (Auxerre & Paris, 1850-63).
Brandenburg (1964) = Erich Brandenburg, Die Nachkommen Karls des Großen (Frankfurt, 1964).
Cart. Cluny = A. Bernard & A. Bruel, Recueil des chartes de l'abbaye de Cluny, 6 vols., (Paris, 1876-1903).
Cart. Montiéramey = Charles Lalore, ed., Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Montiéramey (Collection des principaux cartulaires du diocèse de Troyes, 7, Paris & Troyes, 1890).
Cart. S.-Aubin = Bertrand de Broussillon, Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Saint-Aubin d'Angers, 3 vols. (Angers, 1903).
GC = Gallia Christiana.
Kalckstein (1877) = Carl von Kalckstein, Geschichte des französischen Königthums unter den ersten Capetingern (Leipzig, 1877).
Lot (1891) = Ferdinand Lot, Les derniers Carolingiens (Paris, 1891).
Lot (1901) = Ferdinand Lot, "Herbert le Jeune et la succession des comtés champenois", Annales de l'Est 15 (1901), 265-283.
MGH SS = Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores series.
RHF = Recueil des historiens des Gaules et de la France.
Settipani (1993) = Christian Settipani, La préhistoire des Capétiens 481-987 (Première partie - Mérovingiens, Carolingiens et Robertiens) (Villeneuve d'Ascq, 1993).
Vajay (1962) = Szabolcs de Vajay, "A propos de la 'Guerre de Bourgogne' - Note sur les successions de Bourgogne et de Mâcon au Xe et XIe siècles", Annales de Bourgogne 34 (1962): 153-169.
Werner (1960) = Karl Ferdinand Werner, "Untersuchungen zur Frühzeit des französischen Fürstentums (9.-10. Jahrhundert): V. Zur Geschichte des Hauses Vermandois", Die Welt als Geschichte 20 (1960): 87-119.
Werner (1967) = Karl Ferdinand Werner, "Die Nachkommen Karls des Großen bis um das Jahr 1000 (1.-8. Generation)", Karl der Große 4 (1967): 403-483.
Compiled by Stewart Baldwin
First uploaded 23 May 2007.
Revised version uploaded 24 April 2008 (Added information on two supposed children Adélaïde and Archembaud, plus additional minor corrections)